ABSTRACT
El presente estudio corresponde a la primera entrega donde se realizó el análisis farmacobotánico, etnofarmacológico y micrográfico de drogas vegetales utilizadas en forma empírica para las afecciones con mayor tasa de mortalidad en la provincia de Misiones. En esta primera instancia (Parte I), se exponen seis (6) especies utilizadas para las afecciones cardiovasculares y respiratorias. Las mismas fueron relevadas en los diferentes puntos de comercialización de la Ciudad de Posadas. Se conservaron especímenes de resguardo en el Herbario del Departamento de Farmacia de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales de la Universidad Nacional de Misiones y mediante fotografías, se identificaron por medio de procedimientos taxonómicos clásicos, y se analizó la endo- y exomorfología empleando técnicas de rutina para este tipo de trabajo, con la documentación fotográfica. Los objetivos fueron relevar y documentar las especies vegetales utilizadas para las afecciones cardiovasculares y respiratorias, sus usos etnofarmacológicos, las partes utilizadas y formas de administración, además de contribuir a incrementar el conocimiento de la morfo-anatomía y micrografía aplicada de dichas drogas vegetales. Los resultados obtenidos en esta instancia se corresponden con el relevamiento de Syagrus romanzoffiana, Cuphea calophylla subsp. mesostemon, Hypericum connatum, Begonia cucullata, Cecropia pachystachya y Luehea divaricata, especies comercializadas y utilizadas como agentes terapéuticos en el tratamiento de las afecciones cardiovasculares y respiratorias.
The present study corresponds to the first delivery where the pharmacobotanical, ethnopharmacological and micrographic analysis of vegetable drugs used empirically for the conditions with the highest mortality rate in the province of Misiones was carried out. In this first instance (Part I), six (6) species used for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are exposed. They were surveyed at different points of sale in the City of Posadas. Specimens were kept in the Herbarium of the Department of Pharmacy of the Faculty of Exact, Chemical and Natural Sciences of the National University of Misiones and photographed, were identified by means of classical taxonomic procedures, and the endo- and exomorphology were analyzed using routine techniques for this type of work, with photographic documentation. The objectives were to survey and document the plant species used for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, their ethnopharmacological uses, parts used and forms of administration, in addition to contributing to increase the knowledge of the morpho-anatomy and applied micrograph of said plant drugs. The results obtained in this instance correspond to Syagrus romanzoffiana, Cuphea calophylla subsp. mesostemon, Hypericum connatum, Begonia cucullata, Cecropia pachystachya and Luehea divaricata survey, commercialized species and used as therapeutic agents in the treatment of cardiovascular and respiratory affections.
Subject(s)
Begoniaceae , Argentina , Mortality , Medicine, TraditionalABSTRACT
The acute and chronic respiratory tract inflammation models were made to investigate the effect and mechanism of sterol extracts from Begonia Sinensis Rhizome (BSR). The first model of acute lung injury was made with Kunming mice by inhaling cigarette smoke, then the mice were treated with different concentrations of BSR sterol extracts. Lung tissue morphology was detected by HE staining, TNF-alpha/MPO were detected by Elisa, and cPLA2 protein were, detected by Western blotting respectively. Results showed that in model group, lung sheet became real, alveolar space shrank or disappeared, alveolar septum was thickened, plenty of inflammatory cells were infiltrated, capillary blood vessels were congestive and the expression of TNF-α, MPO, cPLA2 increased; after administration, a small amount of inflammatory cells were infiltrated, alveolar septum became obvious, capillary congestion status was significantly relieved and the expression of TNF-α, MPO, cPLA2 decreased (P < 0.05). The second model of chronic respiratory tract inflammation in BALB/c mice with bronchial asthma was induced by OVA, then the mice were treated with different concentrations of BSR sterol extracts. Lung tissue morphology was detected by HE staining, indexes such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 were detected by Elisa, and the cPLA2 protein expression was detected by Western blotting respectively. Results showed that in model group, a lot of inflammatory cells around lung vessels and bronchi exuded, bronchial goblet cells proliferated and the expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, cPLA2 increased; after administration, inflammatory and goblet cell hyperplasia reduced, the expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, cPLA2 also decreased (P < 0.05). The above results showed BSR sterol extracts could resist against respiratory inflammation by inhibiting cPLA2 in a dose-dependent manner.